Understanding Linux kernel cgroups is crucial for efficient resource management and optimization in a distributed or cloud-based infrastructure. It is key to building and maintaining high-performance and scalable systems. Let's dive into the topic 🧵👇

/ Intro To begin with, we need a reminder that namespaces determine what a process can see. Control Groups, also known as cgroups, determine what a process can use. Cgroups purpose is to manage resources for a group of processes. Let's see how they do it.

/ Cgroup File System Interface Cgroups are organized in a hierarchical structure that looks like a tree of process groups. We can view and manage this structure using the Cgroups file system interface, which is built into the Linux kernel.

/ Resource Control Cgroups provide a way to manage system resources by allocating them to specific groups of processes. Resource control in Cgroups is achieved by setting limits on various system resources, such as CPU, memory, and I/O bandwidth.

/ Grouping of Processes Cgroups provide a way to group processes together and manage them as a unit. By creating control groups and assigning processes to them, we can manage the resource usage and behavior of those processes.

/ Process Tracking Devs can track and monitor the behavior of individual processes and groups of processes. We can assign processes to specific control groups, to monitor their resource usage and set limits on their behavior.

/ Memory Management It provides a way to manage memory usage by allocating it to specific groups of processes It is achieved by setting memory limits and swapping policies for each control group.

/ CPU Management Cgroups provide a way to manage CPU usage by allocating it to specific groups of processes We can achieve this by setting CPU limits and priorities for each control group.

/ I/O Management Cgroups provide a way to manage I/O bandwidth by allocating it to specific groups of processes. The I/O management settings can be applied at different levels of the Cgroups hierarchy, allowing for great control over I/O bandwidth.

/ Monitoring Cgroups provide a way to monitor the resource usage of individual processes and groups of processes Tools like Prometheus and Grafana rely on the data provided by the Linux kernel's Cgroups subsystem to monitor resource usage and track system performance.

/ Integration with Other Sub-Systems We can be integrated with other subsystems in the Linux kernel to provide more advanced resource management capabilities It can be used in conjunction with other management tools like Docker to provide containerization capabilities.

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